俄乌战争阴影笼罩下 诺贝尔医学奖今揭晓
（斯德哥尔摩3日综合电）在俄乌战争的阴影笼罩下，大马时间周一下午5时30分即将揭晓2022年诺贝尔医学奖，为接下来一周的诺贝尔奖颁奖季揭开序幕，识别乳癌风险基因和mRNA疫苗都是医学奖热门。
诺贝尔奖设立于120多年前，当时欧洲还没有遭受两次世界大战的蹂躏，在经历乌克兰发生残忍杀戮和遭摧残的一年后，诺贝尔奖将表彰“为人类带来最大利益”的人。
诺贝尔医学奖得主将于周一上午11时30分（大马时间周一下午5时30分）出炉，明后两天将陆续公布物理学奖和化学奖得主，文学奖将于6日揭晓。
万众瞩目的和平奖将于7日揭晓，是唯一在挪威奥斯陆颁发的诺贝尔奖项，经济学奖则将于10日压轴公布，为2022年诺贝尔颁奖季划下句点。
医学方面，今年诺贝尔奖的热门夺奖名单中有一名女性学者－美国遗传学家金恩（Mary-Claire King），她在1990年发现导致遗传性乳癌的基因BRCA1。
她可能会与美国肿瘤学家斯拉蒙（Dennis Slamon）和德国科学家乌尔里希（Axel Ullrich）共享殊荣，他们的研究促成抗乳癌药物贺癌平（Herceptin）的开发。
但是，如果评审打破其表彰数十年前研究的传统，另一名女性可能会因为她在对抗新冠肺炎疫情的贡献，而有得奖希望。
出生于匈牙利的生技科学家卡里科（Katalin Kariko）已获得几乎所有其他主要医学奖项，她的开创性研究让辉瑞（Pfizer）和莫德纳（Moderna）得以制造第一批对抗新冠肺炎的mRNA疫苗。
卡里科可能会与跟她一起合作的美国科学家韦斯曼（Drew Weissman）和加拿大物理及生物化学家库利斯（Pieter Cullis）共享殊荣。
有诺贝尔风向球之称的分析公司科睿唯安（Clarivate Analytics）列出数十位可能的诺贝尔医学奖得主，任职科睿唯安的彭德伯里（David Pendlebury）表示，他今年押金恩和斯拉蒙会夺奖。
但他也提到了香港中文大学分子生物学家卢煜明，他率先开发无创产前诊断，凭藉血浆脱氧核醣核酸（DNA）诊断技术，从孕妇血液检测胎儿遗传物质，能及早诊断胎儿唐氏综合症和多种遗传病，为产检开启了新时代。
多年来，美国男性研究员在诺贝尔科学类奖项中占绝大多数。各个奖项委员会都坚称，他们正在努力表扬女性的成就，但表示科学类奖项通常是颁给数十年前的重要成果，当时较少有女性投入科学研究。
去年有12名男性和1名女性获颁诺贝尔奖，科学类奖项得主则全都是男性。
文：台湾联合新闻网
图：美联社示意图
*本網站有權刪除或封鎖任何具有性別歧視、人身攻擊、庸俗、詆毀或種族主義性質的留言和用戶；必須審核的留言，或將不會即時出現。
SQL: Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT * FROM "wp_posts" WHERE "wp_posts"."ID" = :MeD0_mK AND "wp_posts"."post_status" = :MeD1_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.695944
)
[1] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT tt.term_id as tagid from wp_term_relationships tr
left join `wp_term_taxonomy` tt On tt.term_taxonomy_id = tr.term_taxonomy_id
WHERE tt.taxonomy IN ('post_tag')
AND tr.object_id = 3139786
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.643015
)
[2] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT "wp_terms"."term_id" AS "term_id","wp_terms"."name" AS "name","wp_terms"."slug" AS "slug","wp_terms"."term_order" AS "term_order","wp_term_taxonomy"."description" AS "description","wp_term_taxonomy"."parent" AS "parent","wp_term_taxonomy"."count" AS "count","wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" AS "tax" FROM "wp_terms" LEFT JOIN "wp_term_taxonomy" USING ("term_id") WHERE "wp_terms"."term_id" = :MeD2_mK AND "wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" = :MeD3_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.272036
)
[3] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT "wp_terms"."term_id" AS "term_id","wp_terms"."name" AS "name","wp_terms"."slug" AS "slug","wp_terms"."term_order" AS "term_order","wp_term_taxonomy"."description" AS "description","wp_term_taxonomy"."parent" AS "parent","wp_term_taxonomy"."count" AS "count","wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" AS "tax" FROM "wp_terms" LEFT JOIN "wp_term_taxonomy" USING ("term_id") WHERE "wp_terms"."term_id" = :MeD4_mK AND "wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" = :MeD5_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.365019
)
[4] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT "meta_key","meta_value" FROM "wp_postmeta" WHERE "post_id" = :MeD6_mK
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.512123
)
[5] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT * FROM "wp_posts" WHERE "wp_posts"."ID" = :MeD7_mK AND "wp_posts"."post_status" = :MeD8_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.468969
)
[6] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT * FROM "wp_posts" WHERE "wp_posts"."ID" = :MeD9_mK AND "wp_posts"."post_status" = :MeD10_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.329971
)
[7] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT * FROM "wp_posts" WHERE "wp_posts"."ID" = :MeD11_mK AND "wp_posts"."post_status" = :MeD12_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.300169
)
[8] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT tt.term_id as tagid from wp_term_relationships tr
left join `wp_term_taxonomy` tt On tt.term_taxonomy_id = tr.term_taxonomy_id
WHERE tt.taxonomy IN ('post_tag')
AND tr.object_id = 3139786
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.233889
)
[9] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT "wp_terms"."term_id" AS "term_id","wp_terms"."name" AS "name","wp_terms"."slug" AS "slug","wp_terms"."term_order" AS "term_order","wp_term_taxonomy"."description" AS "description","wp_term_taxonomy"."parent" AS "parent","wp_term_taxonomy"."count" AS "count","wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" AS "tax" FROM "wp_terms" LEFT JOIN "wp_term_taxonomy" USING ("term_id") WHERE "wp_terms"."term_id" = :MeD13_mK AND "wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" = :MeD14_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.216961
)
[10] => Array
(
[query] => SELECT "wp_terms"."term_id" AS "term_id","wp_terms"."name" AS "name","wp_terms"."slug" AS "slug","wp_terms"."term_order" AS "term_order","wp_term_taxonomy"."description" AS "description","wp_term_taxonomy"."parent" AS "parent","wp_term_taxonomy"."count" AS "count","wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" AS "tax" FROM "wp_terms" LEFT JOIN "wp_term_taxonomy" USING ("term_id") WHERE "wp_terms"."term_id" = :MeD15_mK AND "wp_term_taxonomy"."taxonomy" = :MeD16_mK LIMIT 1
[params] =>
[time_ms] => 0.245094
)
)
Redis: Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3139786
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.29
)
[1] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => category_info:all
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.79
)
[2] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => ZRANGE
[1] => termlist132341
[2] => 0
[3] => 7
)
[time_ms] => 0.3
)
[3] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:4618190
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.22
)
[4] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:4616264
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.25
)
[5] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:4133209
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.22
)
[6] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3629750
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.27
)
[7] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3629307
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.24
)
[8] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3140492
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.22
)
[9] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3140129
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.2
)
[10] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => ZRANGE
[1] => termlist132342
[2] => 0
[3] => 7
)
[time_ms] => 0.21
)
[11] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3629750
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.23
)
[12] => Array
(
[command] => RAW
[arguments] => Array
(
[0] => HGET
[1] => post_info:3140492
[2] => info
)
[time_ms] => 0.2
)
)
