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健康百科｜一拉肚子就吃止泻药？错！

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责任编辑: 奕培

不少人一拉肚子就立刻服用止泻药，希望症状赶快停止。然而医生指出，若腹泻是由细菌、病毒或寄生虫感染引起，尤其伴随高烧和血便等情况，过早使用止泻药，可能导致病原体或毒素滞留肠道，反而延长病程，所以应先由医生评估是否适合使用。
　

另一项常见迷思是，自行服用家中剩余抗生素。腹泻原因相当多元，并非所有感染都需要抗生素，不当使用反而可能增加副作用或并发症风险。
　

此外，许多人腹泻时，只喝白开水补充水分，但腹泻流失的不只是水分，也包括钠和钾等重要电解质。若腹泻较严重，可适度补充口服电解质液，并避免大量饮用含糖饮料、果汁、咖啡或能量饮料，以免刺激肠道，加重腹泻。
　

饮食方面，也不建议完全禁食。医生指出，肠道修复同样需要营养，即使食欲不佳，也可采少量多餐方式，可选择白粥、面包、香蕉及苹果泥等较易消化食物，暂时避免油炸、高油脂、辛辣、高糖及酒精类食品，等症状改善后，再逐步恢复正常饮食。
　

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另外，腹泻停止后，也不要立刻恢复暴饮暴食或高强度运动，应让肠胃有时间慢慢恢复正常功能。
　

如果怀疑腹泻与感染有关，除了勤洗手外，也应避免替他人准备食物；腹泻期间及症状刚结束后，也建议暂时不要游泳，以降低病原传播风险。

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拉肚子

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