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青年就业

韩国经济增长与青年就业脱节

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责任编辑: 国际小编

（首尔29日综合电）尽管受益于半导体出口强劲，今年韩国经济增长率迈向3%的预期愈发明确，但反映青年就业状况的就业率，以及衡量经济增长创造就业能力的“就业弹性”却双双跌至近年来低点。分析认为，在产业结构加速转型、经济增长高度依赖资本密集型产业的背景下，“无就业增长”现象正进一步笼罩韩国青年。

韩国统计厅星期三（29日）公布的数据显示，今年上半年15至29岁青年就业率为43.6%，为2021年上半年以来的五年最低水平。青年就业率曾在2022年下半年回升至46.7%，但此后持续走低，今年再次跌破44%。同时，因求职受挫而放弃找工作、处于“休息状态”的青年比例也再度上升。

青年就业持续恶化，与韩国经济近期回暖形成鲜明反差。今年上半年，韩国实际国内生产总值（GDP）增长率达3.8%，创2021年下半年以来四年半新高。韩国政府近日也将全年经济增长预期由2.0%上调至3.0%，但同时把新增就业人数预期由16万人下调至15万人。按修正后的预测计算，今年就业弹性约为0.18，即经济每增长1%，就业仅增加0.18%，创2018年以来最低水平，反映经济增长创造就业的能力持续减弱。

专家认为，半导体、信息技术（IT）等近年来拉动韩国经济增长的产业大多属于资本密集型行业，虽然投资规模庞大，却难以带动大量就业。尤其是智能工厂、人工智能（AI）和机器人自动化加速普及，大型半导体工厂仅需少量人员即可运作，新增岗位持续减少。

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半导体

青年就业

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