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泰15府连3天粉尘超标 空污病患超132万人

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责任编辑: 国际小编
thailand air 粉尘 空污

（曼谷12日综合电）泰国卫生部常任秘书长奥帕博士透露，从截至2023年3月8日雾霾和小扬尘在医学和公共卫生的情况报告发现，发现15个府中连续3天PM2.5粉尘值超过51微克/立方公尺，开始对人类的健康造成影响。

thailand air 粉尘 空污

这15个府包括难府（府治县、乍伦帕革县）、清迈府（府治县、荷县、清道县、湄曾县）、清莱府（府治县、美塞县、清孔县）、帕府（府治县）、帕夭府（府治县）、喃奔府（府治县、里县）、喃邦府（府治县、湄莫县）、夜丰颂府（府治县、迈萨良县、拜县）、程逸府（府治县）、素可泰府（府治县）、来兴府（美索县、府治县）、彭世洛府（府治县）、碧差汶府（府治县）、暖武里府（府治县、巴革县）、以及曼谷的50个区。在15个府开设了医疗和公共卫生应急行动中心，目前还在新增6个府，而扬尘值大于51微克/立方公尺、但连续不超过3天的有36个府。

今年的PM2.5粉尘值比去年高，因为2021年至2022年期间疫情的传播导致出行减少，所以扬尘也随着减少。根据污染控制厅对2023年3月9日至14日的情况预估，曼谷及周边地区有好转趋势，因为南部来的风会将扬尘吹离该区域，而北部地区的上部与下部则是情况会加重。

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奥帕博士表示，进入热季后扬尘情况会逐渐减少，该问题将持续1到2周的时间。对此，危险人群需保持警惕，包括高龄人群、肺病和心脏病患者、以及婴幼儿，在扬尘值高时期应避免户外活动，卫生部已下令持续监测和照顾患者。根据2023年1月1日至3月5日对来自空气污染相关疾病的监测发现，空气污染相关疾病患者有132万5838例，本周发现了19万6311例，比上周的16万1839例有所增加。发病率最高的群体是呼吸系统疾病组58万3238例、较上周增加8万5910例；炎症性皮炎组26万7161例、增加了3万5878例；炎症性眼病组24万2805例、增加了3万6537例；心脏、血管和大脑疾病组20万8880例、新增了3万3413例。


呼吸系统疾病医学医生尼提帕发帖提醒，扬尘会扰乱孩子的睡眠健康，尤其是睡眠时呼吸异常，也可能导致大脑发育受到影响。一篇关于PM2.5对胎儿至幼儿期影响的学术文章，基于对中国551个城市的11万5023名幼儿园儿童的随访，发现从怀孕到幼儿期接触高PM 2.5粉尘，与较差的儿童睡眠质量有关，尤其是在0到3岁期间暴露在高粉尘环境中，将会导致孩子在睡眠期间呼吸异常、白天很困，不健康的新生儿需要进入ICU治疗，会出现更多异常。更令人惊讶的是，母乳喂养至6个月的婴儿也有更多异常（可能通过母乳接收PM2.5或是其他的方式）。

文：泰国世界日报
图：泰国世界日报

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