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气象局引入AI技术更精准发布气候预测

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（吉隆坡13日讯）大马气象局与日本气象厅、谷歌、英伟达和华为等国际气象机构的做法保持一致，引入人工智能（AI）技术，加强该局天气预测系统，以便能更快速和精准发出水灾与暴风雨等天灾警报。

气象局总监莫哈末希山说，应用AI技术，除了可快速和精准及更具区域性，发出风灾等相关天灾灾害警报，协助天灾管理机构提升应灾准备，并减低人命与财物损失。

他说，气象局致力提升“myCuaca”应用程式，以加入AI功能，提升天气预测生成能力，让系统更贴近民众需求及更具响应性。

他说，目前AI元素已应用在短期天气预测（nowcasting）中，并通过气象局官方网站及“myCuaca”手机应用程式发送通知。

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“这结合数值天气预测模型（NWP）数据，以及全国19个气象雷达站雷达回波资料。

“AI技术有助于加快模拟运算、节省电脑运算成本，并减少尤其是1至7天天气预测中的误差。

“这项措施也符合世界气象组织2023年指南，即鼓励在全球天气预测运作系统中采用AI技术。”

莫哈末希山接受《每日新闻》访问时说，气象局也采用数值天气预测技术，根据物理原理计算大气层变化，使大马成为区域内少数拥有覆盖全国及海域高分辨率数值预报系统的国家之一。

“为了确保未来天气预测更加精准，气象局计划采用‘NWP-AI混合系统’，即结合物理模型与AI模型，也让气象学专家更容易分析。”

他说，AI技术的落实仍面对多项挑战，包括需要大量且高质量的历史数据、资讯与通讯科技基设投资，以及本地AI天气预测模型专才。

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