剑桥大学发明”人造叶子” 将二氧化碳和水变燃料
（伦敦24日综合电）英国剑桥大学的科学家通过植物叶子的光合作用原理，发明了”人造叶子”（artificial leaves）；在户外的实验也证明，”人造叶子”可以像植物叶子一样有效地将阳光和水转化为可储存的燃料，具有可观的环保应用前景。
这种超薄、灵活的”人造叶子”，其原理与传统太阳能发电不同，它采用太阳能技术来模拟植物的光合作用，漂浮着的”叶子”表面涂有半导体粉末，通过吸收光能将二氧化碳和水转化为可以储存的液体燃料，未来可成为一种持续性的汽油替代品，且不占用陆地。另外，设备的便携性还有助于维护能源安全。
研发团队表示，许多现有可再生能源技术需要占用大量土地，如果将能源生产转移到水面上就不再占用土地；此外， 当前全球约80%的贸易，由以化石燃料为动力的货船运输，但在气候危机的讨论中，此行业未受关注。
在剑桥圣约翰学院附近的卡姆河上漂浮的”人造叶子”。
“人造叶子”超薄、灵活。
这是全球第一款在水上产生的清洁燃料，目前这项新技术还未投入商业化应用，科学家仍在优化从”叶子”中采集燃料的方式。
未来如果真的大规模使用”人造叶子”，可有效减少全球航运业对化石燃料的依赖，也可用于受污染的水道、港口。
此研究成果本月17日在《自然》杂志上发表。
文：综合
图：剑桥大学网站
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