◤全球大流行◢ 第4剂疫苗效力优于第3剂 研究：抗体激增约2.2倍
（伦敦10日综合电）英国一项官方资助的研究发现，接种第4剂mRNA新冠肺炎疫苗可大幅增加免疫力，与第3剂相比，抗体水准提高最多约2.2倍，与防范重症相关的T细胞数值也提升最多约7.3倍，接种后的免疫反应峰值甚至比第3剂更高。
英国《每日邮报》报导，这项研究是由南安普敦大学领导团队，针对166名年龄介于57岁到78岁英国人，接种第4剂辉瑞或莫德纳（Moderna）疫苗后的反应进行研究。这些受试者过去曾接种2剂阿斯利康（AZ）或辉瑞基础剂量疫苗，并于参与实验前7个月接种第3剂辉瑞疫苗。
这项被发表于《刺胳针传染病》科学期刊上的研究显示，受试者接种第4剂辉瑞疫苗的2周后，抗体水准比打完第3剂后4周的数值高出60％，而第4剂施打莫德纳者更是高出了2.19倍，科学家们认为达成了“显著的增长”。
另外，第4剂接种辉瑞疫苗者体内T细胞水准也提高7.32倍，接种莫德纳者则增加6.22倍。不同于免疫抗体目的在于预防新冠肺炎感染，T细胞则能在病毒突破防御后，识别并杀死受感染细胞，具有阻止病毒进一步传播、避免重症的作用。
近来不断有疫苗会随着剂量增加而减弱效力，甚至是担心人们“过度接种”可能使疫苗失效的质疑声浪，然而，这项研究结果并没有任何明确的迹象表明这点，只不过在那些接种第4剂前，原本抗体与T细胞水准就比较高的对象中，免疫力仅获得小幅提升。南安普敦大学Saul Faust教授表示，这表示免疫系统防护力能上升到多高，存在“天花板效应”，但仍需要进一步研究。
此外，英国广播公司也报导，这项研究发现，第4剂疫苗“耐受性良好”（well-tolerated）且确实增强了免疫力，“施打第4剂后的免疫反应高峰与第3剂的反应峰值相似，甚至可能更好。”报导补充，英国从4月起向75岁以上与高风险族群开放接种第4剂新冠疫苗，以色列和德国则已向所有成年人开放第4剂接种。
文：综合报导
图：美联社
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