【健康百科】脱水增加中风几率？
常年炎热的马来西亚天气总是让人汗流浃背，藉由汗水的蒸发避免体内温度过高。然而，你知道吗？当汗水不断流失又缺乏补水，不但容易产生中暑脱水的症状，甚至可能会增加心肌梗塞或脑中风的风险！
脱水是指体内的水分与电解质不足的状态，我们的身体会不断因为各种不同原因流失水分，例如：大量发汗、经期排血量较大、服用处方药或是血糖太高所造成的排尿量增多等。当身体流失体重1%~2%重量的水分时，会让大脑产生口渴的感觉，若是已减少至体重的3%～9%时，便会引起全身的倦怠感与头痛、头晕症状，或是产生血压降低的情形。日本东邦大学医疗中心大森医院急诊的佐佐木阳典医生曾在一篇报导中提到，脱水最可怕的是因为体内水分减少，血流量降低，导致血压下降，而且还有可能引发心肌梗塞或脑中风。
美国心脏学会几年前在国际中风会议上发布的研究也指出，同样是中风患者，中风发生时水分充足的人，比脱水的人有更大的康复机会，而脱水中风患者的病情恶化风险也比没有脱水的患者高约四倍。换言之，补充水分避免身体脱水，也是预防中风重要的生活之道。所以，若察觉自己出现七个脱水症状，千万别忘了提醒自己补充水分！
♦ 失神、无精打采
♦ 站起时头晕
♦ 头痛、眩晕、想吐
♦ 痉挛、手脚抽筋
♦ 缺乏食欲
♦ 成天昏睡
♦ 体重减轻
♦ 避免处于过度炎热的环境。如果在室内最好尽量打开冷气，避免体温过高产生中暑脱水症状。
♦ 适时补水。专家建议最好的水分补给时间是就寝、入浴、运动的前/中/后，以及外出前与饮酒后。另外，年龄较大的人体内不容易留住水分，所以即使不感到口渴，也要随时补水。
♦ 通过饮食补足水分。一般来说，成人一天大约会摄取2500毫升的水分，其中约1000毫升是从饮食中摄取，例如喝汤。
资料来源：美国心脏学会/中时电子报/早安健康
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